Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Pemeriksaan Kehamilan Dengan Kunjungan K1 Di Puskesmas Paninggaran

Purniyati, Purniyati (2025) Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil Tentang Pemeriksaan Kehamilan Dengan Kunjungan K1 Di Puskesmas Paninggaran. S1 thesis, unw.

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Abstract

Angka kematian ibu (AKI) di Indonesia masih tinggi, salah satunya disebabkan oleh rendahnya cakupan kunjungan kehamilan pertama (K1). Kunjungan K1 yang dilakukan sebelum usia kehamilan 12 minggu penting untuk deteksi dini komplikasi kehamilan. Salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi kunjungan K1 adalah tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenai pemeriksaan kehamilan. Di Puskesmas Paninggaran, cakupan K1 belum mencapai target nasional, dan survei pendahuluan menunjukkan kurangnya pengetahuan ibu hamil sebagai penyebab utama. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross- sectional. Sampel berjumlah 91 ibu hamil yang diambil menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan dan dokumentasi kunjungan K1 dari buku KIA serta wawancara terstruktur. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Chi-Square. Sebanyak 67% ibu hamil memiliki pengetahuan baik tentang pemeriksaan kehamilan, dan 81,3% melakukan kunjungan K1 tepat waktu. Hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pemeriksaan kehamilan dengan kunjungan K1 (p-value = 0,000). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang pemeriksaan kehamilan dan kunjungan K1. Diperlukan peningkatan edukasi melalui penyuluhan, kelas ibu hamil, dan media edukatif untuk meningkatkan kesadaran ibu melakukan pemeriksaan kehamilan sejak dini. Maternal mortality remains high in Indonesia, with one of the contributing factors being the low coverage of first antenatal visits (K1). K1 visits, ideally conducted before 12 weeks of gestation, are crucial for the early detection of pregnancy complications. One of the main factors influencing the timeliness of K1 visits is the level of knowledge pregnant women have about antenatal examinations. At Paninggaran Public Health Center, K1 coverage has not met the national target, with preliminary surveys showing a lack of knowledge as a key reason. This study employed a correlational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 91 pregnant women selected using total sampling. Data were collected through knowledge questionnaires and K1 visit records from maternal and child health (MCH) books and structured interviews. Data were analyzed using the Chi- Square test. A total of 67% of pregnant women had good knowledge about antenatal examinations, and 81.3% made timely K1 visits. The Chi-Square test revealed a significant relationship between pregnant women's knowledge and the timeliness of their K1 visits (p-value = 0.000). There is a significant relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge about antenatal examinations and their K1 visit behavior. Strengthening health education through counseling, antenatal classes, and digital media is essential to increase awareness and early antenatal care attendance.

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