Hubungan Kurang Energi Kronik dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil di Puskemas Paninggaran Kabupaten Pekalongan

Yuliati, Yuliati (2025) Hubungan Kurang Energi Kronik dengan Kejadian Anemia Pada Ibu Hamil di Puskemas Paninggaran Kabupaten Pekalongan. S1 thesis, unw.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Ibu hamil merupakan kelompok rentan terhadap masalah gizi, termasuk anemia. Masalah Kurang Energi Kronik (KEK) merupakan salah satu faktor penyebab anemia pada ibu hamil. Prevalensi ibu hamil KEK di Puskesmas Paninggaran mencapai 21% dan anemia sebanyak 15,63%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kurang energi kronik dengan kejadian anemia ibu hamil di Puskesmas Paninggaran Kabupaten Pekalongan. Metode Penelitian: penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi semua ibu hamil trimester I dengan sampel ibu hamil trimester I bulan Januari-Mei 2025 sebanyak 63 orang. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan register KIA. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan analisa univariat dan uji Chi-Square. Hasil: responden sebagian besar tidak mengalami KEK (81,8%), tidak melahirkan bayi BBLR (87,1%). Karakteristik responden sebagian besar adalah usia tidak berisiko (20-35 tahun) (87,3%), pendidikan tamat SMP (44,4%), pekerjaan sebagai ibu rumah tangga (98,4%) dan paritas tidak berisiko dan paritas tidak berisiko (multipara) (54%). Hasil uji Chi-square diperoleh ada hubungan kurang energi kronik dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Paninggaran Kabupaten Pekalongan (p value = 0,000) Simpulan: penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara kurang energi kronik dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Paninggaran. Diharapkan Puskesmas rutin mengadakan edukasi dan konseling tentang anemia, serta pemberian dan pemantauan kepatuhan konsumsi tablet tambah darah pada ibu hamil untuk menurunkan prevalensi anemia. Background: Pregnant women are a vulnerable group when it comes to nutritional problems, including anemia. Chronic energy deficiency (CED) is one of the factors causing anemia in pregnant women. The prevalence of CED among pregnant women at the Paninggaran Community Health Center reached 21%, and anemia reached 15.63%. This study aims to determine the relationship between chronic energy deficiency and the incidence of anemia among pregnant women at Paninggaran Health Center, Pekalongan District. Method: quantitative research with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of all pregnant women in the first trimester, with a sample of 63 pregnant women in the first trimester from January to May 2025. The study utilized secondary data. Data collection instruments included the KIA registry. Results were analyzed using univariate analysis and the Chi-Square test. Results: most respondents did not experience chronic fatigue (81.8%) and did not give birth to low birth weight infants (87.1%). The characteristics of the respondents were mostly non-risk age (20–35 years) (87.3%), completed junior high school education (44.4%), housewife occupation (98.4%), and non-risk parity and non-risk parity (multipara) (54%). The Chi-square test results indicated a significant association between chronic energy deficiency and the incidence of anemia among pregnant women at the Paninggaran Health Center in Pekalongan District (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion: This study shows that there is a relationship between chronic energy deficiency and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at the Paninggaran Community Health Center. It is hoped that the Community Health Center will routinely conduct education and counseling on anemia, as well as provide and monitor compliance with iron tablet consumption in pregnant women to reduce the prevalence of anemia.

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